轴系平衡一次加准法的研究及应用

Research and application of shafting balancing without trial weights

轴系平衡法有单转子平衡法、影响系数法和一次加准法。目前对一般的轴系不平衡,一次加准法成功率已达90%,其平衡效果优于其他轴系平衡法。讨论了一次加准法应掌握的关键技术和主要经验,包括轴系平衡方法选取不平衡轴向位置和转子不平衡型式的正确判断、关注测点之间振动影响的分布、不平衡重量数值和方向的确定。同时也为其他轴系平衡方法提高平衡精度和减少机组启停次数提供了可靠的方法。理论和实践证明,不平衡响应过高和过低的轴系,不宜采用多平面、多测点方程求解平衡重量,应采用1、2种合理的加重型式(平面)和较少的测点计算,或直接采用一次加准法。

There are three methods used for shafting balancing. They are single-rotor balancing, influencing coefficient and balancing of shafting without trial weights. The success rate of shafting balancing without trial weights is about 90% to common shafting unbalance and it is better than other methods. The important technical points and experience discussed include the right judgment of the axial position of unbalance and rotor unbalance type, the distribution of vibration between monitoring points and the determination of unbalance weights and direction. A reliable way is provided for other shafting-balancing methods to improve balancing precision and decrease unit startup and shutdown. It is proved that the calculation for shafting with high and low unbalance response should adopt one or two types of reasonable adding-weights planes, few monitoring points and shafting balancing without trial weights rather than multi-planes and multi-monitoring points.