局域平衡假设和反应-扩散过程

Local Equilibrium Assumption and Reaction-diffusion Processes

局域平衡假设作为不可逆过程热力学理论的基础通常被认为适用于一般条件下的物理化学过程。本文从玻耳兹曼方程和涨落的随机理论出发重新研究了局域平衡假设对反应—扩散过程的适用性。表明对于涉及非线性化学动力学的反应—扩散过程,从随机理论得到的结果和局域平衡假设是不一致的。

As the starting point of the thermodynamic theories of irreversible processes, local equihbrium assumption is usually believed to be applicable to most physicochemical processes under usual conditions. Based on the Boltzmann equation and the stochastic theory of fluctuations, such apphcabihty of local equilibrium assumption to reaction-diffusion processes is studied. It is found that for reaction-diffusion processes involving nonlinear chemical kinetics the results obtained from the stochastic theory are inconsistent to the local equilibrium assumption.