男子配偶称呼语的历时演变、功能配置及竞争

The Diachronic Change in the Expressions of Female Spouse, Their Functional Distribution and Competition

基本意义相同的不同词语在其发展过程中 ,会进行自组织的功能配置 ,偶尔也会有人为的功能配置 ,以使系统能满足语义、语法形式以及韵律的有序 ,从而得以正常运转。“妇、妇人、妻、夫人、妻子、良人、内人、拙荆、贱内、媳妇、老婆、娘子、婆娘”这些称呼语在更迭与功能配置的过程中相互竞争 ,有的保留下来 ,有的被淘汰 ,本文究其原因 ,从中总结出八条规律。

Diachronically the language system regulates the f un ctional distribution of different words with basically the same meaning in an au tomatic way. It also occasionally happens that individual language users interve ne in the distribution so that the semantic, grammatical and phonological system s can operate in order. The expressions of female spouse such as “fù, fùrén, qī, qī zǐ, fūrén, liángrén, nèirén, zhuójīng, jiànnèi, lǎopó, ni ángzǐ, póniáng” have been competing with each other in their diachronic dev elopment and most of them are no longer used in modern Chinese. This paper discu sses the eight rules that govern the changing of these expressions.