对人道主义干涉现象的新解读——以社会学方法为研究路径

Reconsidering Humanitarian Intervention Phenomena ——via Sociological Researching Methods

人道主义干涉现象是客观存在于国际社会中的社会事实。在不同的历史阶段,它的表征形式、法律基础和组织基础各不相同,所以,在评判人道主义干涉这一社会现象时,一定要结合它所处的特定发展阶段来具体考察。对当代人道主义干涉现象的评判标准是现有的实在法体系;具体评判规则包括前提条件、主体要件、手段要求和效果原则。据此,可以判断北约发动的科索沃战争的非正常性。为进一步协调人道主义干涉和现行法律规范之间的紧张关系,有必要强化其执行和制约功能,以使该制度趋于完善。

Humanitarian intervention phenomena are social facts in the international society. Their extrinsic forms, legal bases and structural bases vary at different historic stages. Therefore, when judging humanitarian intervention phenomena, we must make a concrete review from the angle of specific developing stages. Existing positive laws are viewed as criteria to judge contemporary humanitarian intervention phenomena. Specific rules of assessment include precondition factors, requirements of the subject, methods required and efficiency principles. Thus, one can concludes that the Kosovo War launched by NATO is abnormal. In order to ease the tension between humanitarian intervention and existing legal norms, it is necessary for us to stimulate its executive and restricting functions so as to improve the system.