稀释磁性半导体

DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMI CONDUCTORS

稀释磁性半导体是指Ⅰ—Ⅵ族、Ⅳ—Ⅵ族、Ⅱ—Ⅴ族或Ⅲ—Ⅴ族化合物中，由磁性过渡族金属离子或稀土金属离子部分地替代非磁性阳离子所形成的新的一类半导体材料。这类材料的突出特点是磁性离子磁矩和能带电子自旋之间存在交换相互作用。由此引起材料性质发生一系列重要变化。本文系统介绍这类材料的各种物理性质，包括能带结构，ｓｐ—ｄ和ｄ—ｄ交换作用，磁性质和自旋玻璃特性，光学和磁光性质，输运特性等。最后简单介绍这类材料的应用前景。

Diluted magnetic semiconductors(DMS)are Ⅱ Ⅵ, Ⅳ Ⅵ, Ⅱ Ⅴ or Ⅲ Ⅴ com-pounds in which fraction of nonmagnetic cations has been substituted by magnetic tran-sition-metal or rare-earth metal ions. The striking characteristic of DMS is that there ex-ists the exchange interactions between the moments of magnetic ions and the spins ofband electrons. The consequences are that a great deal of changes in the properties ofmaterials are induced. In this review we present the every kinds of physical properties inDMS, in which include the energy band structure, sp-d and d-d exchange interactions ,magnetic properties and spin-glass features ,optical and magneto-optical properties andtransport properties. Finally ,the prospects of applications of DMS are also considered.