摘要
我国是世界上海藻养殖业最发达的国家之一[1]，大型经济海藻遗传育种的研究工作开展较早，培育出了象《海青1号》、《海青3号》及《860》等这样的优良海带养殖品种[2][3]。1973年起，方宗熙等进行的海藻单倍体遗传育种实验，在海带和裙带菜两种经济海藻上都取得了成功[6][4]。
The present paper describes some of the experiments and observations on the tissue and cell culture of the brown alga Undaria pinnatifida. The main results are as follows:(1) Explants were made of the cortex or combination of cortex with medullary tissues taken from the stipe of the sea weed. They were cultured in vitro in PESI medium or PESI medium added with some amount of auxin. After cultivation of about 4 montb.es, some calli formed, from which the so-called somatic callus clones would be established.(2) under certair experimental conditions, some organized structure, taking the patterns of either an adventive embryo or an adventitious bud, differentiated from the callus and developed to form plantlets and eventually whole plants, when they were transferred to the sea, most of them grew very well and matured in due time.(3) Individual cells were successbullty isolated from the callus structure and separately cultured, some of them would develop directly into sporoph-ytes, in a way very similar way to the development of a zygote. Others, however, underwent continuous cell divisions and eventually grew into small callus masses. Every such a mass was realy a single cell clone. New sporophytes could be induced later from the single cell clone. In this way, the totipotency of plant somatic cells was observed. Furthermore, the establishment of the single cell clones might open a way of new approach to the study of basic genetics, breeding, physiology and biochemistry in the field of algae.
