长耳珠母贝人工育苗的研究

STUDIES ON THE ARTIFICIAL REARING OF LARVAE AND JUVENILE OF PEARL OYSTER PINCT ADA CHEMNITZI

以解剖方法取得长耳珠母贝的成熟卵子和精子,在氨海水中诱导受精。在一定范围内,提高氨海水浓度可使受精率提高(达65％),但正常发育率和孵化率有所下降;氨海水浓度以取0.14‰为宜。用金藻或合浦珠母贝的精液(或两者混合)作为长耳珠母贝幼体前10天的饵料(10天后投喂扁藻),能使育成率提高(达17.4％),酵母不宜作为长耳珠母贝幼体的饵料。

The ripe eggs and spermatozoa of the pearl oyster Pinctada chemnitzi (Philippi)were fertilized in ammoniated seawater. The maximum fertilizing rate was 65%. Thefertilizing rate depends on the maturity of tho genital products. Although by raisingNH_4OH in seawater can increase fertilizing rate but it will affect the normal develop-ment and the hatching rate. The concentration of NH_4OH in ammoniated seawaterabout 0.14‰ seems suitable.Yeast is not suitable for feeding the straight-hinge stage larvae of P. chemnitzi.The sperm of P. fucada or a mixture of sperm with Dicrateria zhanjiangensis sp. aremost suitable for the larvae of the stage nd the growth rate is higher than that usesDicrateria zhanjiangensis sp. as food alone. The larvae of the umbo stage are able tofeed with Platymonas sp. and then the growth becomes fast. The growth rates ofjuvenile mollusk of each food group of yeast, sperm, Dicrateria zhanjiangensis sp. anda mixture of sperm with Dicrateria zhanjiangensis sp. are 0. 03%, 10.22%, 14.73%and 17. 41% respectively.