草鱼中华鱼蚤病的组织病理研究

THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE SINERGASILIOSIS OF GRASS CARP

草鱼中华鱼蚤病是由大中华鱼蚤寄生所引起的鳃病。虫体以其第二对触肢插入鳃组织而牢固地附着于寄主的鳃丝上。病鱼的血浆总蛋白含量和葡萄糖含量、红细胞数、血红蛋白含量以及红细胞比积均低于健康草鱼;红细胞沉降率和白细胞数则高于健康草鱼;白细胞的血式也有明显变化。病鱼鳃上的粘液很多,鳃丝末端膨大成棒槌状,苍白而无血色。鳃组织的病变,主要为炎性水肿和呼吸上皮细胞、粘液细胞及间充质细胞增生,并有大量嗜酸性粒细胞渗出。炎性水肿的发生使鳃小片的呼吸机能受到障碍和破坏;由细胞增生引起的鳃小片融合大大缩小了鳃的气体交换面积,因此当大中华鱼蚤大量寄生时。

The sinergiliosis of grass carp is a common gill disease caused by parasiting ofSinergasilus major (Mark 1940) which mainly make harms to fish than two years ofmore. The histopathological changes of the damaged gill cells and blood were observedand examined. In the damaged gill, the epithelial, mucous and maesenchymal cellsmass-multiplied and the eosinophils mass-infiltrated, lamellae fused and capillariesatrophied. The ends of gill filaments appear pale and swoller. The other parts of gillfilaments and the lamellae are deformed.As to the blood indices of diseased fish, the quantity of erythrocytes per unitvolume, specific volume of erythrocytes, hemoglobin content, plasma glucose contentand total plasma protein content were all lower than of the healthy fish, but thesubsidence rate of erythrocytes and the quantity of leukocytes per unit volume werehigher than that of the healthy ones. The percentage of lymphocytes and eosinophilsreduce in leukocytes, while the monocytes and neutrophils raised.