厦门沿海地区鲻鱼食性的研究

THE FEEDING HABITS OF THE STRIPED MULLET, MUCIL CEPHALUS LINNAEUS,ALONG THE COAST OF XIAMEN

本文对厦门东渡、后江埭、杏林湾和中山公园渠道的鲻鱼食性及摄食强度作了研究。从取得的鲻鱼材料分析,幼鱼摄食以桡足类等浮游动物为主,唯从杏林湾取得的幼鱼和成鱼材料鉴定分析,鲻鱼从幼鱼到成鱼,其食性无明显变化,都摄食底栖硅藻。由此可见,鲻鱼对食物种类并无明显选择性。其食性可随生态条件的不同产生适应性变化。 鲻鱼的摄食强度与水温季节性变化关系密切。水温逐渐升高,摄食强度随之增大。五月份水温26℃时,摄食强度最大,胃饱满系数达到3.65‰;平均水温在一月份下降到10.2℃时,胃饱满系数仅为0.19‰。

The present paper deals with the feeding habits and seasonal variation of the feedingintensity of striped mullets along the coast of Xiamen. Samples were taken from XinglinWan, the fish ponds of Houjiang Dai, the ditches of Zhongshan Park and Dongdu Coast,during the period from 1961 to 1962. It was found that the young fishes of striped mullets feed chiefly on zooplanktons,such as copepod Iarvae, Lucifer Gammarus, Trichocerca and Brachinus, and that benthicdiatoms are the main food of both the young and adult fishes in Xinglin Wan. The stomach contents of adult striped mullets ware mainly composed of benthicdiatoms and a little amount of Copepoda, Cladocerans, Ostracods, Protozoans, unocellulargreen algae and blue green algae. Besides, a large amount of organic detritus was alsopresent. Generally the striped mullet changed its feeding habit from zooplankton to ben-thic orgauisms. Seasonal changes of the feeding intensity of striped mullets are closely related to the fluctuation of the water temperature. For instance, when the water temperature was raisedto 26℃ in May 1962,the fullness coefficient of the stomach was found to be 3. 65‰. Inwinter, when the water temperature descended to 10.2℃ in January 1962. the fulless coe-fficient was only 0. 19‰.