太湖花(鱼骨)生物学研究

A STUDY ON THE BIOLOGY OF SPOTTED-CARP (HEMIBARBUS MACULATUS BLEEKER) IN TAI HU

本文对太湖花(鱼骨)的生物学特性,包括性状变异、年龄和生长、食性、繁殖和胚胎发育、仔鱼行为、渔业利用等作了较为全面的调查研究和分析。对合理利用花(鱼骨)渔业资源进行了初步探讨。共积累1614尾标本的生物学资料。

The biology of spotted-carp, Hemibarbus maculatus in Tai Hu, had been inve-stigated mainly from March 1964 to February 1965 and partially in 1978 and 1982.1,614 specimens were examined. A brief analyses of the rational exploitation of its reso-urces is proporsed. Spotted-carp belongs to subfamily Gobioninae. family Cyprinidae. They inhabitwidely in the main inland waters in China. It is one of the commercial important fish inTai Hu. Age and growth, feeding, spawning habits and embryonic development of thefish were studied. Age of the fish can be determined by the annual rings on the scales, and it hasrevealed that the annual rings are formed during May to September each year. Theweight-length relationship of this fish may be represented by the following formula:W=0.05769L^(2.4937). In the growth, the increase of length is faster in the first twoyears than the increase of weight, but later on it is reversed. The larged specimen col-lected male is 25.8 cm in length, 295 g in weight, female is 26.2 cm in length, 285 gin weight. The adult fish feeds mainly on aquatic invertebrates, such as shrimps, small mol-luscs (clam, snails, etc. ), among which shrimps seem most favorable. The fish attains sex maturity at two years of age. Breeding season is April to May.Eggs are sticky deposited on submerged aquatic plants. Fertilized eggs require about 4days to hatch at a temperature 15-21℃. Lastly, a discussion on the rational exploitation of the stocks in order to maintaina sustaining fisheries in Tai Hu is proposed.