城市土地综合经济评价的理论方法初探

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THEORY AND METHODOLOGYOF ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF URBAN LAND

城市土地经济评价对改革土地无偿使用的体制具有重要意义。本文根据我国国情，探讨了城市土地经济评价的理论依据，参评因素及因子体系；运用模糊数学方法，对山东济宁市的城市土地进行了综合评价，取得了较好的效果。

: Chinese goverment decided to levy a tax on the land users according to land qhality last year. This is an important reform on the system of Chinese urban landuse. In this paper, the authors attempt to look into some theories and methods about econornic evaluation of urban land. There are two ways of evaluating urban land. One is to classify urban land based on the differences of rent level, of which main problem is that it seems impossible to get all ne- cessary data of rent in the city built-up area. The other is to appear land value by a series of factors such as land location, infrastructure, environmental quality, physical condition etc. This factors reflect the characters of urban land from economic, social, as well as environ- mental aspect and their evaluations an cover the whole city. Comparing these two methods, the second one, multifactor urban land evaluation have more advantages, and can be used as a main way. Among the many factors which affect the land value, location is the most important one. For the land value reglects rent level, and the different rent reflects in turn the variation of location. A good urban land location means first high acccssibility, that is, less travel time and transport cost; Secondly, some activities such as commerce, trade and services can bene- fit from agglomeration. In This paper, the authors put forward an evaluation systern which consists of 4 main factors and 22 sub-factorsj. The nain steps of economic evaluation of urban land by these factors are as follows: (1) Choose the evaluating factors based on different situation; (2) Determine the evaluating ranks and standard of evaluating factor for each rank; (3) Give a weight to the factors according to their importance; (4) Decide the size of evaluating cells in accordance with some princi- ples; (2) Develop a model of evaluation and calculate the evaluating value of every cell; (6) Grade urban land into several ranks and (7) Draw the evaluation map of urban land. The method mentioned above was applied in the study of urban land evaluation in Jining city, Shandong province in 1988, and the results turned out to be a success.