荧光法测定海水中石油烃的初步探讨

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE DETERMINATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN SEAWATER BY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY

本法以脱芳石油醚为萃取剂,提取海水中的石油烃,用岛津 MPS—5000 多用途自动记录分光光度计(model Ⅲ 荧光分光光度附件)测定萃取液的荧光相对强度。以(艹屈)或大庆原油作为标准,用310毫微米波长激发,在365毫微米波长处读取荧光强度。方法的线性范围,(艹屈)为0—900 微克/升;大庆原油为 0—5000 微克/升。本法的石油检测下限至 2微克/升。标准差为±0.0004 毫克/升;变异系数为 3.7％。平均回收率达 91.1％。与(艹屈)等量的大庆原油的荧光强度比率(R)为8.7。

The method based on ultra-violet fluorescence spectroscopy (IGOSS-IntegratedGlobal Ocean Station System) with aromatic-free petroleum ether as the extractantand chrysene as the intercomparison chemical, for the measurement of petroleumhydrocarbons in seawater is presented in this paper. 1. The comparison between the spectra of the excitation and fluorescence of thechrysene and sample oil extracted from the Dong Hai proved that both of the chryseneand sample oil were excited most strongly in the neighborhood of 310 nm and fluore-sced most intensively at 360nm. Daqing crude oil and its kerosene were scanned withexcitation at 310nm and fluorescence spectrum also showed in the neighborhood of 360nm. There were striking resemblances between the fluorescence spectra of the Deqingcrude oil anple mixed with chrysene and that of chrysene, and it was found thatfluorescence spectrum of mixed oil was simply the sum of the two individual curves 2. Using concentrations of about 0.5μg/ml, the fluorescence intensity of thestandard oil and chrysene was measured. The value of intercomparison ratio 'R' wascalculated: Daqing crude oil was 8.7, sample oil extracted from seawater of the DongHai 21. 1. The causes leading in the difference of 'R' were discussed briefly. 3. Conditions for sample extracting and the effect of grease or oil from animaland plant on petroleum hydrocarbons have been studied. The linear range of the experiments indicated 0-900μg/1 for chrysence, 0-5000μg/l for Daqing crude oil. Minimum detectable concentration was approximately 2μg/1Daqing crude oil, the standard deviation was ±0.0004mg/l, the coefficient of varia-tion was 3.7% and the average recovery of Daqing crude oil was found to be 91.1%.