末端炔烃与亚铜离子反应的实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON REACTION BETWEEN HYDROCARBON WITH END ALKYNYL AND CUPROUS ION

研究了乙炔亚铜的电子吸收光谱，探讨了末端炔烃和亚铜离子的反应条件、生成物的稳定性和炔亚铜的组成，研究结果表明，末端炔烃的活泼性与介质中氨的含量密切相关，在ｃ（ＮＨ３·Ｈ２Ｏ）／ｃ（Ｃｕ＋）摩尔比为２７０～９００的范围内，反应活性最大，易与亚铜离子反应生成炔亚铜，红色乙炔亚铜的组成为ＣｕＣ≡ＣＣｕ，它在含有径胺的氨性介质中很稳定，不受空气中氧的影响，这些结论为利用生成炔亚铜的反应来鉴定混合气中微量炔烃提供了实验和理论依据。

The paper describes an experimental and theoretical investigation on the reaction be-tween hydrocarbon with end alkynyl and cuprous ion. The experimental results show thatactivity of hydrocarbon with end alkynyl depends on the content of ammonia in medium.Within the range of 270～900 of mole ratio for c(NH3 . H2O)/c(Cu+ ) , the alkynyl hydrogenis more active. And the reaction between hydrocarbon with end alkynyl and cuprous ion ismore likely to occur with acetylide as its product.The composition of red cuprous acetylideproves to be CuC≡CCu. It is found that acetylide is stable in ammonia medium with hy-dramine , and oxygen in air has no effect on it. The work provides a practical and theoreticalbase for determining micro alkyne in mixture gas by means of reaction forming cuprousacetylide .