摘要
对于像我国渤海、黄海和东海等半封闭的边缘海和陆架海及其附属的海湾和河口等浅水域中,浅海动力学的探讨,不仅对水位预报和流场描述等方面具有实际应用价值,而且也有理论价值。以半日或全日为周期的海洋潮汐运动,基本上控制着日常的水位变化和流场形态,其潮位和潮流分别有1米和1米/秒的量阶。
In the present paper, the three-dimensional problems for nonlinear tides, including tide-induced Eulerian residual currents, and for the ultra-shallow water storm surges, and for the Eulerian residual circulation, including the steady wind driven circulation, are reduced to a second-order linear ordinary differential equation for the current with respect to the vertical coordinate. It should be pointed out with emphasis that thejvertical eddy viscosity coefficient is the physically acceptable arbitrary function of time-space coordinate, in special, including vertical coordinate. Based on the linearized problem, the current velocity can'be split into threelfparts that may be called u the gradient current' , 'the stress current' and the 'gravitational current' , respectively. We can get an expression of vertical profile for the current which can be obtained by analytical or numerical approach. Apartial differential equation for water level can be solved by the difference or the finite element method. A generalized theoretical formula for the bottom stress is derived which shows a linear relation between the bottom stress and the whole current and points out that a linearized model of vertical eddy viscosity coefficient corresponds to a linearized law of bottom stress.