摘要
东太平洋赤道冷水区海温(0°-10°S，180°W-90°W57纲格历年逐月海温距平和，本文用SST表示)，是三大洋中海温变化最大的海区。研究表明，SST变化对世界及我国天气、农业和海洋渔业等均有显著的影响。因此，近年来SST对大气环流影响的研究颇受重视。本文在前人研究的基础上，进一步分析了1950-1980年间，SST对北半球副高、北太平洋副高、西北太平洋副高、印度副高等(本文统称副高)及中高纬度一些永久或半永久性大气环流系统滞后半年左右的相关关系，以探讨东太平洋赤道海温与我国及世界天气遥相关的物理过程。
In this paper the following data(1950-1980) are used; (1) the area index of subtropical high pressure (SHP) of the western Pacific and northern Pacific; (2) the sea surface temperture (SST) of the eastern equatorial Pacific (0°-10°S, 90°W-180°E), and (3) the time-delaying correlative coefficient between SST in October Verse height of 500mb in February. The time-delaying ( about half a year ) relation between the atmospheric circulation and SST is analysed. It is found that the marked district is roughly accorded with the annual mean position of the permanent or semipermanent atmospheric circulation system. The main position of the SHP is located in the west or north when the SST is abnormally high (espe-cially for the SHP of the western Pacific ), but the position of the atmospheric circulation system of the westly zone is located in the east. The SST of the western and northern Pacific has a positive correlation with the height of the anti-cyclone circulation, and has a negative correlation with the height of the cyclone circulation. At the same time, the atmospheric circulation system is enhanced or becomes strong from weak. It will be reversed when the SST is abnormally cold. It should be pointed that all of the marked districts are concentrated in the Pacific zone ( including the Asia and the North America ). The most marked positive correlation between the SST and the anticyclone height is sharp in the SHP district of the western Pacific, and the most marked negative correlation between the SST and the cyclone height is sharp in the eastern Asian deep trough district. The above mentioned two atmospheric circulation systems are just two great atmospheric active centres which deeply effect China's climate. In the paper the relation between the SHP and the SST is also analysed, the result obtained shows that there exists a good delaying response relation between the SHP and the Sharply change amount of SST. The auther considers that this fact may explain the possible physical process of the teleconnection phenomena between the SST of the eastern equatorial Pacific and the global climate,particularly to the teleconnection phenomena between the SST of the eastern equatorial Pacific and China's climate.
