城市生活垃圾原料性质对干馏及气化过程的影响

An Influence of RDF Properties on Carbonization and Gasification

将城市生活垃圾样品经预处理后置于φ40×750不锈钢间歇式固定床气化炉内进行气化反应,考察不同原料组分对垃圾干馏与气化过程的影响。认为城市生活垃圾的有机物部分作为制气原料,气化活性较高(1000℃时CO_2转化率达92％)。气化强度大,燃气组分与煤制气组分基本接近。试验结果得干馏阶段燃气热值一般在9.62～10.04 MJ/m^3(2300～4000 Kcal/m^3),气化阶段燃气热值在3.35～4.18 MJ/m^3(800～1000 kcal/m^3),垃圾有机物中灰分、固定碳和挥发分对干馏和气化过程均有影响。考察干馏和气化的综合效果,当反应温度为900℃,混合气为气化剂时,燃气热值可达4.60～5.65 MJ/m^3(1100～1350 kcal/m^3),但气体产率不大于1.5 m^3/kg。

In a batch fixed bed gasifying reactor(φ40×750)made of stainless steel, the gasification behavior of refuse derived fuel(RDF)is investigated. The results show that the properties and components of RDF affect the carboniza-tion and gasification. When the RDF is used as a kind of gasification feedstock, its reactivity is somewhat higher than that of the coal in the same condition of reaction temperature. Experiments show that the gas calorific value approaches 9.62～10.04 MJ/m^3(2300～2400kcal/m^3)at the stage of carbonization and 3.35～4.18 MJ/m^3(800～1000 kcal/m^3)at the stage of gasification. Ash, fixed carbon and volatile matter contents in RDF also influence the process of carbonization and gasification. If mixing the gas from carbonization and gasification stage using steam-air as gasifying agent at temperature 900℃, a higher BTU gasly with calorific value 4.60～5.65 MJ/m^3(1100～1350kcal/m^3)can be obtained, but the gas yield seems to be less than 1.5m^3/kg.