陆地棉产量纤维品质性状的杂优利用研究

STUDY ON UTILI ZATION OF HETEROSIS FOR YIELD AND FIBER QUALITY CHARACTERS IN UPLAND COTTON

以６个陆地棉品种（系）为亲本，采用ＧｒｉｆｆｉｎｇⅡ完全双列杂交法，对陆地棉８个重要产量及纤维品质性状的杂种优势及配合力进行分析，结果表明：①皮棉产量、铃数、铃重、衣分、纤维长度、强力及断长在多数杂种Ｆ＿１中均具有一定程度的正向杂种优势；而纤维细度则主要表现负向优势；②杂种Ｆ＿１的性状表现受一般配合力和特殊配合力共同作用，两种配合力之间无显著性相关，独立遗传；③中亲优势的高低主要依赖于组合的特殊配合力。一般配合力是形成超标杂种的基础，而特殊配合力是产生竞争优势的关键；④由亲本性状表现可间接预测其一般配合力，特殊配合力与亲本表现无显著性相关。

Six lines of upland cotton were screened as parents in this test.The method Ⅱ of completediallel cross was used for analysis of heterosis,combining ability and both correlation on 8 impor-tant yield and fibre quality characters in upland cotton,The results show that:(1)On some ex-tent,lint yield,bolls per plant,boll weight,lint percentage,fiber length,fiber strength and break-ing length possesed heterosis over the mean of their both praents(MH)in most intervarietal F_1But fibre fineness was mainly negative heterosis.(2)The performance of F_1 characters was restri-oted by gca. and sca. Both combining ability had not significant correlation and were indpendentinheritance。(3)MH mainly relied upon sca. of F_1 gca. was a basis of hybrid formation over cheakcultivar and sca. was the key to CH(competitive heterosis)emergence.(4)Gca. could be predictedfrom parent characters and sca. was not significant correlation with parent characters. On the ba-sis of results researched here,questions on heterosis utilization in cotton was discussed.