摘要
1958年9月-1959年9月在湖北黄石市北郊花马湖(鄂城县境)进行湖泥施肥试验，在室内、室外先后试验了35次，历时343天，在党的正确领导和全体工作人员的积极努力下，利用湖泥施肥的方法获得了成功。
The mud sediment in eutropic shallow lakes is generally more than one meter in depth, and the pH values range between 5.2 to 7.0. In 500 kg. of dried muds, there has been found 2.0—2.5 kg. of total nitrogen, 150—500 g. of total phosphorus, 1.0—1.5 kg. of potassium and 15—20 kg. of organic carbon. When 300—350 kg. of the fresh mud mixed with 2.0—2.25 kg. of quicklime (calcium oxide) is used as fertilizer to one mou water body of 1 meter in depth (666 cubic meters of water), the density of plankton shows a marked increase. The yield of phytoplankton is 11 times more than that of control (unfertilized) area, and the zoolplankton is more than 18 times. The addition of mud-quicklime mixture 10—12 days after fertilization brings about a little higher amount of plank- ton. The level of the production of the plankton after fertilization with mud-quicklime mixture is comparable to the results of fertilizing with the following compound fertilizers: ammonium sul- fate (containing 21.3% nitrogen) 3—4.75 kg.; calcium perphosphate (containing 14.7% P_2O_5) 3— 4.5 kg.; and 0.85—1.25 kg. of potassium chloride (containing 52.4% K). The effects of lake mud-quicklime mixture on the production of plankton may maintain at least 12 days. And the maximum of the concentration of phyto- and zoolplankton occurs simultane- ously within 3—7 days after fertilization. Results of experiments show that, if the quantity of quicklime used is geater or less than 2—2.25 kg. per mou water body in 1 meter in depth, the quantity of plankton rises more slowly. The curves of the total hardness and the acidity of the lake water are correspoding to those of the development of the plankton in the same lake water. Detailed data on the chemical and physical proportions and the concentration of plankton before or after the fertilization are given in this paper.
