硼抗氟性肾损伤时的尿酶、肾酶变化和肾脏超微结构研究

An Experimental Study of Anti-damage Effects of Boron on Rabbit Kidneys under Chronic Fluoride Exposure

家兔每日摄入氟化钠20mg/kg4和6个月,尿γ-谷氨酰转肽酶排出量增加,肾碱性磷酸酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性降低。肾近曲小管细胞线粒体肿胀变性,内质网扩张,微绒毛脱失,基底反褶消失,粗面内质网脱粒,核蛋白体解聚,自噬性溶酶体形成。摄氟的同时给予四硼酸钠30mg/kg,则可较明显地减轻氟对肾功能和结构的损伤。主要机理可能是硼与氟在体内形成氟硼酸根随尿排出,减少了氟在肾内的蓄积。

Rabbits accepted daily 20mg/kg sodium fluoride in drinking water for 4 and 6 months. The amount of urinary γ-GT excretion increased. The activities of renal AKP, SDH and ACP decreased. The changes in renal tubular cells were swelling degeneration of mitochondria, expansion of endoplasmic reticulum, loss of microvillus. disappearance of basal folds, dropping of bound ribosomes from the face of rough endoplasmic reticulum, depolymerization of polyribosomes, and appearance of auto-phagic lysosomes. When rabbits accepted daily 30mg/kg sodium tetraborate during the period of fluoride exposure, boron reduced the adverse effects of fluoride on renal function and structure chiefly by decreasing the levels of fluoride in the kidneys.