棉花红腐病病原菌生物学特性的研究

Biological Characteristics of Cotton Boll Rot Disease Pathogen

棉花红腐病菌菌丝生长的最适宜培养基为PSA培养基,最适温度范围20～25℃, 最适pH值7.0～9.0,光照对该菌的生长几乎没有影响,而紫外线对该菌的生长有一定的抑制作用. 病菌对碳源的利用以蔗糖和麦芽糖最佳,氮源的利用以硫酸铵和氯化铵最佳.产孢量在温度25℃、pH 7.0、紫外线照射80 min、查彼培养基上达到最大.分生孢子萌发的最适温度为20～25℃、最适pH 9.0、湿度86%以上.总之,该菌属于中高温、高湿、中性偏碱性菌.

The biological characteristics of cotton boll rot disease pathogen were tested in Henan in 2003 and 2004.The results showed that the optimal medium for the growth of parthogn was PSA,the optimal temperature was 20~ 25℃, the optimal pH value was 7.0~9.0.The ultraviolet rays inhabited the mycelium growth but the light didn't. The fungi grew best in sucrose and maltose as the carbon source. Among nitrogen sources, NH_4Cl and (NH_4)_2SO_4 were the best. The optimal temperature for sporulation was 25℃, the optimal pH value was 7.0.The fungi could sporulate a lot on Caperb medium and under ultraviolet rays illuminated for 80 min. The optimal temperature for the germination of spore was 20~25℃,and the optimal pH value was 9.0.The number of germination of the spore decreased apparently when RH was below 86%.In a word, the fungi liked middle-highest temperature and high RH and was a middle type.