枣庄岩溶地面塌陷机理研究

KARST COLLAPSE MECHANISM OF ZAOZHUANG AREA

过量开采岩溶水会导致岩溶地面塌陷,枣庄则是全国岩溶地面塌陷比较严重的地区之一,塌陷已对当地的居民生活和经济建设造成了巨大的危害。根据大量的勘察资料和地下水动态监测资料,研究了枣庄地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶发育特征,探讨了岩溶地面塌陷的形成机理,岩溶裂隙和上覆土层的性质和厚度是岩溶地面塌陷的先决条件,地下水位大幅度升降引起的物理地质作用是塌陷的主要动力来源,震动和水位突变是重要的诱发因素。

Karst collapse is usually caused by overdrafting karst groundwater. Zaozhuang city is one of the areas where the karst collapse is relatively serious in China. Collapse has threatened the local inhabitant and economic construction. Based on lots of prospecting materials and dynamic monitoring data of groundwater, karstification of Ordorinician system in Zaozhuang area was studied and the formation mechanisms of karst collapse were discussed in this paper. Karst fissures, special properties and thickness of overlying soil are prerequisites of karst collapse. Physical-geological action resulted from great fluctuation of groundwater table is the leading dynamical factors of collapse. Shock and sudden variation of the water-table trigger the collapse.