抗战胜利前后国共日三方互动关系研究

Study on the Relationship Among the GMD, CCP and Japan Near the End of the War Against Japanese Invasion

抗战结束前夕,中日双方的军事较量与日本在大局不利时“和平”解决中国问题之企图以及中国内部国共双方着眼于战后之角力相交织,展现出国共日三方互动关系之错综复杂的图景。日军已无法改变其所处之总体被动状况;国民党在局部战场的作战表现有了改观,同时力图遏制中共的扩张;中共向南方敌后发展的军事战略和推动民主联合政府运动的政治战略取得了相当成效。就国共日三方互动关系而言,国共合作对日,国方重正规军事,但因实力所限未有重大进展,中共重敌后蚕食,因广大空间而如鱼得水;日本对国民党的军事压力与政治诱惑并举,同时亦不放弃利用国共矛盾以渔利。日本投降后,国民党虽在战后接收中得到了投降日军的合作与支持,但并未能实现其遏制中共扩张之企图;中共有了较之以往更为有利的态势与国民党争夺中国的主导权,并以其正确的战略战术而成为这场战争最大的赢家;最先发动这场战争的日本则成了最大的输家,以其无条件投降而结束了多年侵华的历史。

Just before the end of the War Against Japanese Invasion, the three sides of GMD, CCP and Japan entered a delicate and complicated relationship that was interactive and mutually restraint. Each side considered not only the present situation but more the future development. Japan lost both the war and its future interests; GMD hoped to constrain the development of CCP but failed, while CCP became the winner in the rival for future power.