汉地佛教石窟造像研究

The Research on the Buddhism Rock Cave Statue in Central Plains

石窟随佛教产生而产生,随佛教东渐而传入中土,并广泛传播,与本土文化相溶合形成特有的艺术形式。通过考察现有石窟造像遗存,可以了解到:石窟中的造像艺术风格是伴随着时代的发展和地理环境的变化而变迁的;造像的形象及体态动作、表情、手语,都表达了极为丰富的佛教精神内涵及佛经典籍内容;佛教宗派在历史上的兴衰对石窟的主题内容有极大影响;佛教造像中的服饰、容貌、表情等的变化与佛教本土化过程紧密相关。

The rock cave came out with the step of the entrance of the Buddhism to China, and it combined with the local culture and formed the special artistic form. By the investigation of the trace of the rock cave, we could learn that the statue in the rock cave changed with the development of the era and the geographical environment. And the body gestures the expressions and the sign language of the statue all expressed the abundant spiritual intension and the contents of the Sutras. The rise and decline of the schism of the Buddhism had a influence in the main theme of rock cave. The dress,the appearance and the expressions of the statue had the close relations with the localization of the Buddhism.