X射线天文望远镜的进展

The development of X-ray astronomical telescopes

综述了近年来X射线天文望远镜(如准直型望远镜、编码孔径望远镜、正入射周期多层膜望远镜、掠入射单层膜望远镜和掠入射非周期多层膜望远镜以及新型的“龙虾眼”型望远镜 )的发展;阐述了各种X射线天文望远镜工作的原理和成像特点,指出各种X射线天文望远镜之间的性能是相互补充的;简要说明了国内近年来在X射线天文望远镜研究方面取得的进展,并展望了下一步工作.

The status of research on X-ray astronomical telescopes is reviewed. There are six types of such telescopes currently in use in outer space, the simple collimated, encoded aperturee, normal incidence period-multilayer, grazing incident single coating, grazing incident aperiod-multilayer and lobster eye. The principle, features and application of these telescopes are introduced in detail. All these telescopes are complementary to each other. The development of X-ray telescopes and future research in China are discussed.