法人独立责任辨析——从语境论的研究进路出发

On the Independent Liability of Juristic Person

法人独立责任是我国民法上独有的概念 ,其实质为公司法上股东有限责任制度的一种投影和扩张。《民法通则》基于特定社会经济背景的需要 ,将独立承担民事责任作为法人的成立要件进而演变为法人之基本特征。全国人大法工委提交全国人大常委会审议的《中华人民共和国民法 (草案 )》 ,全面照搬具有显著逻辑错误和制度缺陷的《民法通则》法人独立责任条款 ,将使得以合伙企业为载体的交易行为逸出于法人整体制度之外 ,成为阻碍我国法人制度进一步发展的禁锢。

As a unique concept in civil law of China, the independent liability of juristic person is essentially a projection of stockholders’ limited liability in corporation law. According to the need of contemporary social economy, the General Rule of Civil Law in 1986 established this concept and thus the independent liability became one of basic characters of juristic person.The Draft of Civil Law Code submitted to the National People’s Congress wholly transplants all articles about the independent liability of juristic person from Rule of Civil Law in 1986. As a result, the development of juristic person system in China will be baffled by these clauses which are illogical and unreasonable.