陕西省3～6岁城区儿童忽视状况的调查分析

Cross-Sectional Study on Child Neglect among Urban Children Aged 3～6 Years in Shanxi Province

目的了解陕西省3～6岁城区儿童的忽视状况.方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,对陕西省7个城市社区的683户有3～6岁儿童的家庭用'中国3～6岁城区儿童忽视状况评价问卷'进行问卷调查,并进行相应的统计分析.结果陕西省3～6岁城区儿童的总忽视率为32.5%,总忽视度为42.5,忽视总分值为154.9,与2002年全国的调查结果相比,总忽视率间差别有显著性意义,总忽视度与忽视总分值间差异无显著性意义.男、女童在忽视率和忽视度上差异无显著性意义;不同年龄忽视率间差异无显著性意义,6岁组儿童的忽视程度与3岁组间差异有显著性意义.从不同的忽视层面来看,陕西省儿童在身体和安全层面受到的忽视较多,而在教育、身体、情感层面受到的忽视较重.结论陕西省3～6岁城区儿童的忽视状况较全国更为严重,应引起重视.

Objective To explore the status of child neglect among urban children aged 3～6 years in Shanxi province.Methods 683 families with children aged 3～6 years were sampled randomly from 7 cities of Shanxi province in stratified and cluster sampling. They were investigated by Evaluation Questionnaire of Child Neglect of Urban Children Aged 3～6Years in China, and all materials adopted Spss statistic soft ware to establish data base and to complete the relative statistic analysis.Results The total neglect rate, neglect degree and neglect score of urban children aged 3～6 years in Shanxi province are 32.5%, 42.5 and 154.9 respectively, this result is slightly higher than the nation's average levels investigated in 2002. There is no significant difference in neglect rate and neglect degree between the male and female children. The neglect rate has no significant difference, but the neglect degree of 6-year-old group is higher than that of 3-year-old group. According to the different neglect subscales, the children in Shanxi province are frequently neglected in physical and safe subscales, while they are seriously neglected in education, physical and emotion subscales.Conclusion The status of child neglect among urban children aged 3～6 years in Shanxi province is more serious than the nation's average levels, and the relevant departments should pay attention to this issue.