集体建设用地流转制度变迁的经济分析

Study on System Change of Collective-owned Construction Land Transfer

研究目的用制度变迁理论解释中国集体建设用地流转制度变迁。研究方法制度分析方法。研究结果集体建设用地流转制度变迁过程中,建设用地价格的上升、农民政治地位的提高以及宪法秩序的改变,导致了农民对集体建设用地市场流转权利的需求。农民采取黑市流转、变相流转等方式进行集体建设用地的流转;地方政府有很强的改革意愿,突破了中央对集体建设用地流转的限制;中央政府对集体建设用地流转制度供给的态度分为两个阶段在地方政府自发制度创新之前,由于放开流转给耕地保护和国有土地市场带来冲击,不能推进集体建设用地流转制度变迁;在地方政府自发制度创新之后,由于中央政府在地方推动的制度变迁中分享了收益,同时维持原有制度安排的成本太高,中央政府开始逐渐承认并主动推进地方政府发起的集体建设用地流转制度变迁。

The purpose of this paper is to explain the system change of collective-owned construction land transfer by institutional economics theory. Method of institutional analysis was employed. The results indicate that the rising price of construction land, the rising political status of peasants', and the change of Constitution have resulted in peasants' demand of land transfer. The peasants proceed land transfer through black market or other disguised forms. The local governments have strong desire of reform and have broken limitations on the transfer of collective-owned land set by the central government. The attitude of the central government has gone through two stages. Before the institutional innovation by the local government, the transfer was prohibited by the central government, worrying the impact on the protection of cultivated land and State-owned land market. After the innovation,the central government can share benefit from the transfer and the cost of prohibition is too high. The central government began to support system change collective-owned construction land transfer.