广西玉米杂交种种质基础分析

AN ANALYSIS ON THE GERMPLASMIC FOUNDATION OF HYBRID MAIZE PLANTED IN GUANGXI PROVINCE

分析１９８０～１９９３年广西主要玉米杂交种的应用和良种区试资料，１４年间累计种植面积在６７００ｈｍ２以上的杂交种有２０个，生产上应用的以群体改良种和顶交种为主。组成这些杂交种的主要亲本系有１０个，年均种植面积占８１．５％。本自治区选系方式以自选的二环系为主，亲本系来源以热带系为主。玉米杂交种种质基础狭窄，是籽粒产量育种水平进展缓慢的主要原因。

This paper analyzed the application of main hybrid maize and the regional experimental data in 1980￣1993 in Guangxi Province. Results indicated that, during this period, 20 hybrids were totally planted over an area of 6700hm2. The majority of the combinations applied in production were the improved populations and topcross ones. The main parents of these hybrids included 10 lines. The hybrid maize acounted for 81.5% of the annual planting area. The self seleted line derived from two self lines were the main selecting mode.Most of the parental lines were from tropical ones. There existed a problem of germplasm deficiency in hybrid maize, which was the main reason of slow progress in kernal yield breeding.