大豆Soja亚属过氧化物酶同工酶研究及其模糊聚类分析

THE PEROXIDASE ISOZYME ANALYSIS AND FUZZY CLUSTER ANALYSIS FOR SOJA SUBGENUS IN SOYBEAN

本研究收集了来自四川、辽宁的大豆Ｓｏｊａ亚属种质资源１６５份，对其三叶期过氧化物酶同工酶进行了测定，并用遗传相似系数和模糊聚类方法，对Ｓｏｊａ亚属各种群间的亲缘关系和进化途径作了探讨，结果表明：Ｓｏｊａ亚属各种群有其共同的酶带出现，证明各种群具有共同的祖先，部分酶带与大豆进化有关；Ｓｏｊａ亚属各种群间遗传差异较小，亲缘关系相近，半野生大豆的亲缘接近于栽培大豆而偏离于野生大豆。大豆进化存在多种途径。栽培大豆的群体间存在一定的遗传差异。Ｓｏｊａ亚属下的种是一个遗传差异复杂的群体，种下的分类不能仅以植物学性状的差异作为唯一的分类依据。

The Peroxidase(POD)isozyme patterns of 165 soja subgenus germplasm resources collected in Sichuan and Liaoning Provinces were analysed at 3-leaf stage. And their evolution paths and the relationship between these soybean populations were discussed by means of genetic similarity coefficient and fuzzy cluster analysis. 15 POD bands were obtained and some POD bands appeared in various populations of soja subgenus. It proved that three species of soja subgenus might evolute from a common ancester. Some bands were related to the evolution of soybean. Small genetic difference showed the relationship between soybean populations was very close. Some semi-wild soybeans were close to the cultivated soybeans, and some far from the wild ones. Many evolution paths existed in soybean. There also existed a certain interspecies genetic difference in soybean cultivars. The species of soja subgenus was a genetically complex population.The differences in botanic characters could not be considered as the unique systematic basis for the species of soja subgenus.