超声技术在废水处理中的应用与研究进展

Recent advance of application and research of ultrasonic technique in wastewater treatment

超声技术作为一种新型的氧化方法,能提高难降解有机物的降解率和增强水处理中的生物活性,在废水处理中已经发挥了一定的作用并有广阔的发展前景。超声降解水中有机物主要是通过热分解、·OH自由基氧化和等离子化学和高级氧化。影响降解率的主要因素有:超声波频率、超声波声强、溶液的pH值、溶解气体的物理性质和污染物自身性质。本文介绍了超声降解有机物的机理和主要影响因素对降解水中污染物效果的影响及其机理,并综述了超声技术在废水处理中的应用与研究进展。最后指出了超声技术于废水处理中应用需解决的关键问题以及今后的发展方向。

Ultrasonic technology has played a great role, and will find a promising future in the area of wastewater treatment as one of the advanced oxidation methods owing to increasing degradation of nondegradable organic pollutants and enhancing biology activity in wastewater treatment. Mechanisms involved in sonochemical transformations mainly include several modes of reactivity:pyrolytic decomposition, hydroxyl radical oxidation, plasma chemistry and supercritical water oxidation. The main effecting factors on the degradation rate include follows: ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic sound intensity, pH value, the presence of gases in solution and pollutant. This paper introduces the mechanisms and such main effecting factors of degradation pollutant, and then summarizes the recent advance of application and research of ultrasonic technology in wastewater treatment. Finally, key question need to solute and development orientation for the future in application of ultrasonic technology in wastewater treatment, was point out in this paper.