小麦面粉RVA特征的数量遗传分析

Quantitative Genetic Analysis for RVA Characteristics of Wheat Flour

小麦淀粉的糊化特性是衡量小麦品质的重要指标,常以RVA特征参数度量。为了进一步了解RVA特征参数的遗传特性,用莫惠栋提出的双列资料的种子性状遗传表达鉴别方法,分析了6个小麦品种及其两两组配的30个小麦杂种组合(包括正反交)面粉的7个RVA特征参数的遗传,并估计各特征值的主要遗传参数。结果表明:(1)小麦面粉糊化温度(PTP)在F2种子间没有发生遗传分离,其遗传可能受二倍体的母体基因型(F1植株)控制,而其他6个RVA特征参数在F2种子间有显著遗传分离,其遗传主要受三倍体的胚乳基因型(F2种子)控制;(2)糊化温度和峰值时间(PT)二参数的细胞质效应极显著,而其他5个RVA特征参数的细胞质效应均不显著;(3)除糊化温度外,其他6个RVA特征参数的广义遗传力均达到了90%以上,狭义遗传力除糊化温度和崩解值(BV)外也均达到了较高水平。

The starch pasting properties usually evaluated by RVA (characteristics) are the (important) target of wheat quality breeding.The inheritance of seven RVA (characteristics) of wheat flour from six cultivars and their thirty hybrids by diallel design was investigated and the main (genetic) parameters were (estimated). The results showed: (1)The PTP of wheat flour didnt (segregate) among F_2 seeds,this (indicates) that the (genetic) expression of PTP may be controlled by the maternal (genotype). However, very significant (segregation) was (detected) for the other six RVA (characteristics), this (indicates) that the (genetic) expression of these traits is mainly controlled by the triploid endosperm genotypes. (2)The (cytoplasmic) effects of PTP and PT were (detected) very significantly,but no-significant (cytoplasmic) effects were (detected) for the other five RVA (characteristic) (parameters). (3)The broad heritabilites of RVA (characteristic) (parameters) were all more than 90% except that of PTP,the narrow heritabilities of RVA (characteristic) (parameters) were also very high except that of PTP and BV.