春小麦优异矮源D8261的矮化效果及其创新和利用

Recreation, Utilization and Dwarf Effect on Dwarf Character of Spring Wheat Germplasm Resource D8261

为了深入了解春小麦优异矮源D8261的矮化效果并评价其育种利用价值,1992～2004年对D8261的矮化效果和育种利用进行了系统分析评价,并对矮秆遗传特性进行了初步分析。从D8261(株高49cm)与6个高秆亲本(平均株高101.3cm)杂交F2代的株高分离结果可知,矮秆植株(株高<75cm)的分离比例为41.7%～70.4%,平均为57.6%,矮化效果十分显著;在对组合T88鉴19/D8261用D8261进行的回交一代中,矮秆植株的分离比例高达98.5%,初步推断D8261的矮秆特性受多对不完全显性基因控制。在多年的育种实践中,利用D8261已创造出第2批、第3批综合性状优异的新矮源;选育成功的矮秆春小麦新品种银春6号已成为甘肃省引黄灌区的主栽品种之一。

In order to study the dwarf effect of new spring wheat germplasm D8261 which was created by Baiyin Agricultural Science Institute and evaluate its practical value, the (genetic) rule, experiments (problems) were analysed systematically in this article. From 1992 to 2004, D8261 (height: 49 cm) was (hybridized) with taller parent (average height: 101.3 cm )respectively. The segregate (proportion) of F_2 (generation) on plant height showed that the segregate proportion of dwarf (plant height<75 cm) was (41.7%) ~ 70.4%, with an average of 57.6% and dwarf effect was very tangible. Using D8261 as rotate parent, the BC (generation) of T88 jian19/D8261 showed that the segregate proportion of dwarf was (98.5%).It was (inferred) that dwarf character of D8261 was probably controlled by many pairs of incomplete dominant (genes). Through breeding practice of 12 years, A series of 1st (generation) and 2nd (generation) new dwarf germplasm resources were created via using D8261. The new dwarf germplasm had excellent complex character. The new dwarf spring wheat variety Yinchun 6 had become one of the major varieties in Gansu Yellow River irrigated area. This fully proved that D8261 had great value in wheat breeding.