从个案看法定证据制度的缺陷及其评价——兼论最高人民法院《关于民事经济审判方式改革问题的若干规定》第27条

Weak points and Evaluation on Legal Evidence System Based on Cases——On Article 27 of Stipulations on Civil Economical Trial Reforms Issued by the Supreme Court

法定证据制度是人类历史上曾经出现过的与封建社会纠问式诉论程序相伴而生的一种证据制度,由于其单纯强调对法官在评价、判断证据时的主观随意性的抑制,而事先以法律的形式规定证据的证明力和各种判断证据的规则,导致形式化。这种证据制度虽能有效解决法官在评判证据、认定案件事实时的主观臆断和恣意,但却在发现案件真实上陷入了困境,致使其不免被历史所淘汰。

System of legal evidence came into being with the accompaniment of inquisitional proceedings. The system of legal evidence included weight of proof and regulations to determine evidence in the nature of law. The system was established to avoid subjective determination of the judge at will. The system has turned out to be successful in control of the judge's subjective determination, but it fell into the difficulties of finding out the true fact. As a result, it has been inevitably discarded by history.