票据诈骗罪犯罪客体新论——兼析“金融诈骗罪”与“破坏金融管理秩序罪”同类客体之差异

A New Discussion on the Criminal Object in Crime of Bill Fraud——An analysis of the Differences of the Alike Objects in "Crimes of Financial Fraud " and "Crimes of Disrupting the Order of Financial Administration"

已有观点对票据诈骗罪犯罪客体的认识,囿于“纯刑法”或者“纯公法”的思维方式,认为本罪的主要客体是票据管理秩序,具有局限性。对此问题要从整个法律体系(刑法与其他部门法或者公法与私法的关系)的角度,并结合刑法分则的体系结构进行整体把握。本罪的主要客体应该是“票据流通秩序”,而非所谓的“票据管理秩序”,二者分别代表了“公”和“私”两种不同的法益。分则第三章第四节“破坏金融管理秩序罪”和第五节“金融诈骗罪”的同类客体是不同的:前者如该节罪名所描述的,是“金融管理秩序”,而后者则是金融流通秩序。

The existing viewpoints on criminal object of crime of bill fraud are confined by a thinking mode of 'pure criminal law' or 'pure public law', thus appear limitations for thinking that the major object of this crime is bill administration order. We should grasp this problem from the angle of entire legal system (the relations between criminal law and other branch laws or between public law and private law), and analyze it by combining the systematical structure of sub-provisions of criminal law. This paper holds that the major object of this crime should be 'bill circulation order', instead of so called 'bill administration order', for both respectively representing two different legal benefits: public one or private one. This paper also points out that although the objects in ' crimes of disrupting the order of financial administration' and 'crimes of financial fraud ' are alike, they are different- the former is ' financial administration order ', while the latter is 'financial circulation order' .