论美国警政的发展与特点

On the Development and Characteristics of American Policing

美国警政理论与实践的发展过程中有几个重要的阶段和主要模式,20世纪前半期美国尚未出现具有指导意义的警政理论,警方工作仍停留在对社会治安问题机械应对的经验型阶段,20世纪50年代以后美国警政有很大发展,出现了系统的指导警政实务的科学理论,在短短的五十余年中,其警政历经几次大的变革,每次变革都在一定程度上提交了警察的工作能力。

American policing has some important stages and major patterns in the developing process. In the former half of 20th century, the theory of policing with guidance meaning didn't appear and policing work still stayed in the empirical stage in which problems of security of society were dealt with mechanically; Since the 1950s, the American policing have made great developments and have appeared systematic scientific theories to guide policing affairs. American policing went through several big transformations within nearly fifty years and in each transformation the working ability of police was improved to certain extents.