新疆棉花施钾效果研究

Effects of Potassium fertilization on cotton in Xinjiang

1998～2002年在新疆阿克苏棉田上进行不同施钾方式及不同施钾用量试验,结果表明:土壤速效钾含量在140～188mg/kg范围内,作基肥、追肥和叶面施用均有一定的增产效果。其增产范围分别为:2%～7.7%,1.31%～9.38%,2.7%～6.38%,追肥最佳时期为盛蕾期,叶面肥硫酸钾最适浓度是1%。施用钾肥提高了棉花成铃率,对棉纤维品质、对比强度无影响,其伸长率,马克隆值及含糖量有一定增加,而2.5%跨长、长度整齐度、气纺指标、黄度均呈降低趋势。

The experiment of potassium fertilization in different ways and at different potassium amounts were carried out in Akesu cotton-producing region of Xinjiang and its results showed that where the available soil potassium content ranged between 140 and 188 mg/kg, all the fertilizations with potassium fertilizers applied as base, topdressing and leaf fertilizers could increase cotton yield to some extent. and their yield increments ranged between 2.0% and 7.7%, 1.31% and 9.38%, and 2.7% and 6.38%, respectively. The optimal topdressing time was the period of full bloom, and the optimal concentration of potassium sulfate used as a fertilizer of foliar fertilization was 1%. Potassium fertilization increased the percentage of fruiting bolls, but did not affect fiber quality and strength. In addition, it increased fiber EI, Mic value and sugar content to some extent and made the 2.5% disposal length, length, uniformity, CSP and brownness of cotton fiber tend to decline.