兴电灌区主要带田系统生产力研究

Productivity of major strip farmland systems in the Xingdian irrigation zone

甘肃省兴电灌区6种主要带田系统生产力研究结果表明,各种种植模式干物质积累量为12137.3～28408.9kg/hm2,等价产量为15734.7～33198.2kg/hm2,粗蛋白产量在1794.3～2283.2kg/hm2,总体都比较高;能量的投入为1.6359×1011～2.3942×1011J/hm2,产出为2.0709×1011～4.3290×1011J/hm2,都高于全国中产地区同类型带田的平均值,但能量的产投比不高,只有1.27～1.98,主要是由于无机能中灌溉用电的投能太高;对≥0℃积温、降水量、辐射量利用的时间效率分别为90.0%～93.1%、90.7%～94.0%、83.8%～87.5%,生物产量和籽粒产量对光能的利用率分别为0.53%～1.05%和0.24%～0.45%;6种模式的总产值在10314.75～12682.34元/hm2之间,纯收益在5497.50～8061.75元/hm2之间,胡麻/黄豆和玉米/蚕豆带田是经济效益较高的模式;带田系统的生产优势度小麦/黄豆、玉米/豌豆、玉米/蚕豆带田较高,但稳定性较差,增产潜力的发挥还需要综合农艺措施的配套实施。

The research results of major strip farmland systems in the Xingdian irrigation zone displayed that in various farming modes, the accumulative amounts of dry matter, the equivalent yields, and the yield of crude protein generally high, ranging between 1213.7 kg/hm^2 and 2840.89 kg/hm^2, 15734.7 kg/hm^2 and 33198.2 kg/hm^2, 1794.3 kg/hm^2 and 2283.2 kg/hm^2, respectively; the inputs and output of energy ranged between 1.6359×10^(11) J/ hm^2 and 2.3942×10^(11) J/ hm^2, respectively, which were higher than the national averages in the mid-yield region with the same type of strip farmland, but the output-input ratios of energy were not high, only ranging between 1.27 and 1.28, and the reason for this was high input of electricity power among the inputs of inorganic energy; the temporal efficiencies of the utilizations of ≥0 ℃ accumulative temperature, rainfall and solar radiation ranged between 90.0% and 93.1%, 90.7 and 94.0%, and 83.8% and 87.5%, respectively; The use efficiencies of solar energy in biomass and kernels ranged between 0.53% and 1.05% and 0.24% and 0.45%, respectively; the production values and net incomes of the six systems varied between 10314.75 yuan/hm^2 and 12682.34 yuan/ hm^2, and 5497.50 yuan / hm^2and 8061.75 yuan/ hm^2, respectively; the high-profit farming modes for stripe farmland were benne/soybean, corn/pea and corn/horsebean ones; wheat/soybean, corn/pea, corn / horsebean had relatively high productive superiorities but poor stability and thus the realizations of their yield-increasing potentials needed the concerted combination of other farming practices.