山区生态足迹的计算与分析——以大别山区岳西县为例

ANALYSIS OF ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT IN MOUNTAIN AREA -TAKING YUEXI COUNTY AS AN EXAMPLE

由加拿大生态学家WilhamRees和他的学生Wackernagel提出的生态足迹理论是一种定量评估区域可持续发展状态的有效方法。以岳西县2002年统计数据为依据,对岳西县2002年生态足迹进行计算与分析。结果表明,岳西县2002年人均生态足迹为0.694942hm2,人均生态承载力为0.771222hm2,人均生态盈余为0.076280hm2,岳西县处于可持续发展状态。同时,通过与全国平均生态足迹比较发现,岳西县的可持续发展是一种基于较低的经济发展水平上的资源利用效益低、生态成本高的发展状态。对生态足迹需求和生态供给的进一步分析表明,岳西县简单粗放的农业经济模式和不合理的资源利用方式不利于可持续发展,只有发展现代生态农业和生态旅游业才是全县经济社会实现可持续发展的根本出路,提出了相应对策措施。

The ecological footprint theory developed by W E Rees and his student M Wackernagel, is the succinct and effective way to measure the human impact on the natural resources and to judge whether human activities stay within carrying capacity. Taking Yuexi County in Anhui province as an example, this paper applies this method to analyze the sustainable development condition in the mountain area, and to explore the effective way to obtain sustainable development. Yuexi was in the condition of ecological surplus in 2002, and the ecological surplus was 0. 076 280 hm2 per cap. The problems were also analyzed in relation to the utility of the resources by the means of comparison with the national average ecological footprint and by the analysis of its own ecological footprint demand and supply. This article put forward that eco-tourism and ecological agriculture should be the only way for Yuexi county to obtain a sustainable development, with the suggestion of corresponding measures.