利用微生物及微生物农药杀灭钉螺的初步研究

THE STUDY ON EFFECTS OF MICROBE AND MICROBIAL PESTCIDES KILLING ONCOMELANIA HUPENSIS

从洞庭湖血吸虫疫区土壤中分离出两种微生物 :紫红链霉菌Streptomycesviolaceoruber和自养黄色杆菌Xan thobacterautotrophics,将两菌进行培养 ,用稀释 10 0 0倍的培养液杀螺 ,结果表明 :处理 72h后 ,对钉螺的杀螺率分别为90 %、85 % ;BT生物杀虫剂、科诺特杀螟 5 5 %杀苏可性湿粉剂、科诺蔬丹 1.5 %苏阿可湿性粉剂、科诺千胜BT杀虫剂、华戎号 1.5 %甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸乳液 ,均稀释 10 0 0倍进行杀螺实验 ,结果发现含阿维菌素的微生物农药杀螺效果较好 (95 %— 10 0 % ) ,华戎号在 4 8— 72h之间其杀螺率均为 10 0 % ,而含BT的微生物农药杀螺效果相对较差(70 %— 95 % )。将微生物农药喷洒土壤进行的杀螺实验。结果表明 ,华戎号的杀螺效果较好 ,处理 4 8h后 ,杀螺率为 10 0 % ,千分之一的五酚钠溶液为对照杀螺剂 ,其杀螺率为 10 0 %。清水对照液的杀螺率为 0 %。

Streptomyces violaceoruber and Xanthobacter autotrophics had been isolated from soil in the plague spot of Dongting lake by a selective culture medium and cultured about 30 hours in lab.,and its culture solution were diluted by 1000 times and used to kill Oncomelania hupensis, results indicated that effects of Streptomyces violaceoruber culture solution killing Oncomelania hupensis were better than that of Xanthobacter autotrophics culture solution after Oncomelania hupensis were marinated by different time in 5000ml wide-necked bottle,ratio of killing Oncomelania hupensis reached individually 90%,85%;When every kind of microbial pesticides was diluted by 1000 times for killing Oncomelania hupensis, effects of Huaronghao killing Oncomelania hupensis was better than that of BTbiopesticide,Kenuoteshaming biopesticide、Kenuoshudanbiopesticide and Kenuoqianshengbiopesticide,its percentages ratios of killing Oncomelania hupensis reached to 100% after being marinated during 48—72 hours and when all kinds of microbial pesticides were diluted and sprinkled to soil for killing Oncomelania hupensis, results indicated Huaronghao of them is still the best microbial biopesticide,Its percentages ratio of killing Oncomelania hupensis reached 100% as the same as that of pentachlorophen as a comparison diluted by 1000 times,the ratios of killing Oncomelania hupensis of pure water was 0%.