水分胁迫对水稻产量和食味品质抗旱系数的影响

Effect of Drought Stress on the Yield and Eating Quality in Association with Drought Stress Resistance Coefficient

选用上育397和绥粳3号两个水稻品种,于分蘖期、穗分化期、抽穗后1~10 d、抽穗后11~20 d、抽穗后21~30d、抽穗后1~30 d分别进行土壤水势为-30^-35 kPa和-60^-65 kPa的控水处理,两品种的产量抗旱系数为穗分化期<分蘖期<抽穗后1~10 d处理,其他时期差异不大。两品种的食味品质抗旱系数均以穗分化期最低,其他时期差异不大。穗分化期不仅是产量的水分敏感期,也是食味品质的水分敏感期。食味的抗旱系数大于产量的抗旱系数,尤其是抽穗前和抽穗后1~10 d 的处理,表明控水对产量的影响大于对食味品质的影响,节水栽培中要充分注意对产量的影响。

Controlling water treatments (CWT) for the two rice varieties(Shangyu 397 and Suijing 3) at -30 to -35 kPa and -60 to -65 kPa of soil water potential were carried out during tillering stage, panicle initiation stage, 1-10 days after heading, 11-20 days after heading, 21-30 days after heading, 1-30 days after heading, respectively. The order of drought stress resistance coefficient (Ratio of trait value under treatment and check, DSRC) in grain yield was treated during 1-10 days after heading> treated during tillering stage>treated during panicle initiation stage. DSRCs of different treatments at other stages were similar. DSRCs of eating quality in treatment at panicle initiation stage for both varieties were the smallest and those of others had little difference. It was found that water sensitive period to yield and eating quality was at panicle initiation stage. DSRCs of eating quality at most of the stages were bigger than those of yield, especially for the treatments before heading stage and during 1-10 days after heading, suggesting that the effect of CWT on yield was larger than that on eating quality. Therefore, it should be paid more attention to yield in water saving cultivation.