电波环境研究在微波遥感中的应用

Application of Radiowave Environment in Microwave Remote Sensing

电波环境特性与微波遥感技术的研究和应用之间具有紧密的联系。与光学和红外等其它遥感手段相比,微波遥感以全天候全天时工作能力、穿透性强和多频段与极化信息丰富等特点受到遥感界的重视,特别是随着理论和技术的发展,微波成像和遥感信息解译(判读、反演、分类、识别等)能力不断提高,微波遥感的应用得到了迅速的发展,微波信息原有的不足得到了很大的改善。但是,电波环境效应的影响却制约了微波定量遥感和成像技术的进一步发展。电波环境在微波遥感中的作用可以分为两个方面,一是直接作为微波遥感的目标或对象,如地表特征信息;二是作为对遥感目标的影响参与遥感过程。针对微波遥感中的电波环境效应影响,分析了相关的电波环境因素和条件,讨论了相应的几何和物理分析方法与模型。

There are many close contacts between the radiowave environment and microwave remote sensing technology. Microwave remote sensing is paid more attention by remote sensing field for its all weather, all time, strong permeability, plenty of multi-band and polarization information, especially the ability of microwave imaging and information interpretation (explanation, inversion, classification, recognition etc.) is improved and the application of microwave remote sensing is developed rapidly with the development of theory and technology, previous disadvantage of microwave information has been improved greatly. The roles of radiowave environment in microwave remote sensing are in two areas, the first is as the target or object for microwave remote sensing, for example the ground information; the second is to affect the target of remote sensing with the process. This paper analyses the factors or conditions of radiowave environment and discuss the methods and models of geometry and physics, which aim at the effects of radiowave environment in microwave remote sensing.