马铃薯脱外壁花粉的制备与人工萌发

Preparation and Artificial Germination of De-exined Pollen in Potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)

将3个马铃薯普通栽培种(SolanumtuberosumL.)‘陇薯3号’、‘Favorita’和‘Shapody’ 的花粉先经低温饥饿处理,再低温水合、高温热激和渗激,分离出大量具有活力的脱外壁花粉,花粉最 高脱壁率达34.5%。脱外壁花粉在K3培养基+15%PEG+5%蔗糖+0.01%H3BO3+0.01%LH+100 mg/LPVP的萌发液中萌发率高达38.3%。试验建立了三步冲击法制备马铃薯脱外壁花粉的方法,并讨 论了外壁在花粉萌发与受粉中的生物学意义。

Pollen grains of three cultivars‘Longshu 3’,‘Favorita’and‘Shapody’of potato were treated following a three-step procedure: 1. Starvation treatment at 4-7℃ for 3-5 d;2. Hydration at 4℃ for 20 h;3. Heat shock at 36℃ for 20-100 min and osmotic shock for 40 min.After the three-step treatment the exine could be detached along the germination furrows with the detachment rate of 34.5%.The germination rate of the nake pollen of cultivars potato could reach 38.3% in a modified medium containing 15% PEG(MW 8000),5% sucrose,0.01% H 3BO 3,0.01% LH,100 mg/L PVP and K 3'salts(pH 8.5). The results showed the three-step procedure established in this experiment was a useful tool for detaching the exine of potato pollen and understanding the biological role of exine in pollen germination and pollination.