茭白肉质茎膨大过程中的糖代谢与激素含量变化

Changes of NSC, Enzymes and Endogenous Hormones during Zizania Gall's Swelling

以单季茭白品种‘蒋墅茭’和双季茭白品种‘葑红早’为试材,研究了秋季肉质茎膨大过程 中物质运转的相关生理生化变化。结果表明,随着肉质茎鲜质量、干质量快速增加,非结构性碳水化合物 主要成分含量总体上升,后期出现下降,蒋墅茭肉质茎中蔗糖含量较高;糖分转化关键酶活性总体较高, 转化酶活性以酸性转化酶较高且呈快速下降,蒋墅茭的酸性转化酶活性高于葑红早而中性转化酶活性较低; 蔗糖合成酶的分解方向活性显著高于合成方向,且后期维持较高水平,葑红早的双向活性均高于蒋墅茭; Z+ZR总体含量最高、下降最明显,GA4其次,IAA也呈缓慢下降趋势,GA3、ABA含量极低,且各激素 均以葑红早高于蒋墅茭。茭白肉质茎干、鲜质量处于快速增长阶段的同时,而内部生理生化快速下降,说 明茭白肉质茎膨大过程具有特殊性,并且品种间存在差异。

The physiological and biochemical changes of photo-assimilate translocation in swelling gall of the Zizania latifolia Turcz.were studied with two typical varieties in autumn. The results showed that fresh mass and dry mass of gall increased rapidly. The contents of main compositions of non-structural carbohydrate ascended on the whole and descended at anaphase of swelling. Sugar content of‘Jiangshujiao's’was higher than that of‘Fenghongzao’. Activity of acid invertase (AI) was high in early stage of development of the gall and then descended rapidly. AI activity in‘Jiangshujiao's’gall was higher than in‘Fenghongzao’but NI activity was lower in‘Jiangshujiao's’gall. Activities of sucrose synthase in direction of cleavage were higher than those in synthetic one and keep higher in anaphase. Both activities in‘Fenghongzao’were higher than those in‘Jiangshujiao's’. Content of(Z+ZR)was highest and descended distinctively, second was GA 4, third was IAA and descended relaxedly. Contents of GA 3 and ABA were very low and hardly changed. Hormone contents in‘Fenghongzao’were higher than those in‘Jiangshujiao's’. It was considered that it was exceptive that fresh mass and dry mass increased rapidly while activities of physiology and biochemistry decreased rapidly at Zizania gall's swelling. Also there had diversities in different varieties.