青海门源大牧场生产系统的价值流研究

Value flow of Ranch Production System of Menyuan in Qinghai

复合生态系统的价值流结构及其增殖理论是生态经济学研究的重要内容，是制约复合生态系统生存与发展的重要机制．作者对青海门源种马场和其中一个家庭牧场１９８７～１９８８年生产情况进行了详细调查，以系统的观点分析了大牧场及其家庭牧场生产系统的价值流结构和转化效率，并与相应的能量流对比．结果指出：每年投入草地价值平均３．７６ｙｕａｎ／ｈｍ￣２，投入畜群１６．０ｙｕａｎ／ｈｍ￣２．平均每年每公顷产出畜产品３９．１０ｙｕａｎ／ｈｍ￣２，其中５６．９１％供家庭牧场消费，２．８１％输入大牧场．平均每公顷草地向大牧场系统外提供１５．７５ｙｕａｎ畜产品．价值流转化效率：草－畜对家庭牧场投资的转化效率为１９０；７８％，家庭牧场一大牧场４３．０９％，大牧场→系统外９９．６５％．全系统的价值而转化效率（太阳能→系统外）为０．８１９２，价值流实现比小于１．

The value flow structure of economic-ecological complex system and itsmultiplication theory were important parts in eco-economic researches and important mecha-nism which restricts the existence and development of economicecological complex systerm.The 1987～1988 productive conditions of Menyuan horse ranch in Qinghai and one of its fam-ily ranges were investigated.Their value flow structure and conversion efficiency were anal-ysed systematically and compared with their energy flow.The value flow structure of ranchproduction system were input meadow 3.76 yuan/hm￣2 a,input livestock 16.01 yuan/hm￣2 a;output from livestock 39.10 yuan/hm￣2,a,in which 56.91%input famiy ranges,2.8%ina-put ranch,the other output from ranch system was 15.75 yuan/hm￣2.a;grassland-livestock→famiy range 190.78%,family range→ranck 43. 09%,ranch→out-ranch 99. 65%.The con-version efficienoy of total productive system was 0.819 2.