先秦判断词研究的几个原则

Principles of The Research on Link Verbs in The Pre-Qin Dynasty

本文从先秦汉语的语言实际出发 ,提出研究先秦判断词的几条原则。第一 ,先秦判断词的研究必须遵循语法的客观性 ,密切联系语言实际 ,对语法现象作出合乎客观情理的解释 ,不能以翻译代替语法研究。第二 ,先秦判断词的研究必须遵循语法的社会性 ,结合实际语言用例 ,考察语言结构规则运用的普通性。第三 ,先秦判断词的研究必须遵循语法的继承性 ,运用历史的观点分析判断词的产生、发展的历史继承关系。

Based on the linguistic situation in the pre-Qin Dynasty,this paper forward several principles of the research on link verbs in the pre-Qin Dynasty. First, in line with the grammatical objectiveness and linguistic situation, the research on link verbs in the pre-Qin Dynasty has to give reasonable explanations to grammatical phenomena. Grammatical research should not give way to translation. Second, according to the sociality of grammar and linguistic examples used in real situation, the research on link verbs in the pre-Qin Dynasty has to investigate the universality of linguistic structures. Third, on the basis of the herediary nature of grammar, the research on link verbs in the pre-Qin Dynasty has to analyze the hereditary relationship between the birth and the development of a word from the historical perspective.