野生与饲养赤点石斑鱼肌肉营养成分的比较研究

The Comparative Study on the Nutritious Composition in the Muscle of Wild and Cultured Epinephelus akaara

本文对野生赤点石斑鱼（Ｅｐｉｎｅｐｈｅｌｕｓａｋａａｒａ）和在水泥池内用种（Ｃｕｒａｎｇｉｄａｅ）鱼类饲养一年的赤点石斑鱼肌肉中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、Ｃａ和Ｐ含量以及氨基酸种类与含量进行测定。经比较分析得出：饲养赤点石斑鱼肌肉中粗蛋白质为８４．７５％低于野生鱼的９２．５４％；粗脂肪为７．７６％高于野生鱼的１．５４％；而在粗灰分、Ｃａ和Ｐ的含量上两者相近。饲养赤点石斑鱼肌肉中氨基酸总量为７３３．５ｍｇ／ｇ，必需氨基酸总量为４０４．１ｍｇ／ｇ，鲜味氨基酸含量为３２６．４ｍｇ／ｇ，均分别低于野生鱼的８０６．２ｍｇ／ｇ、４３７．３ｍｇ／ｇ和３５６．８ｍｇ／ｇ；饲养鱼肌肉中各种氨基酸含量除精氨酸外均低于野生鱼。产生以上差异的原因，认为是不同的饵料种类因其营养成分的差异而影响了赤点石斑鱼肌肉中的营养成分。

?The present paper deals with the content of crude portein，fat，ash，Calciumand Phosphorus as well as the determination of many kinds of amino acids and its con-tent in the muscle of wild and cultured in the concrete tank Epinephelus akaara fed withCurangidae fish one year. Based on the experimental results and its comparative analy-sis，the conclusion as follows. The crude protein in the muscle of cultured Epinephelusakaara is 84．75％，lower than that of wild，92．54％，crude fat is 7．76％， higher thanthat of wild，1．54％，but the content of crude ash，Calcium and Phosphorus is very close.The total amount of amino acids in the muscle of cultured Epinephelus akaara is 733.5mg／g，the total amount of essential amino acids is 404． 1mg／g，the content of tastyamino acids is 326．4mg／g，all of them are lower than that of wild fish，806．2mg／g，437.5mg／g and 356． 8mg／g，respectively． The content of all kinds amino acids in the muscleof cultured fish are lower than that of wild fish besides arginine. The cause of this differ-ence is considered to result from the different kinds of diet which contains different nu-tritious ComPosition.