尖扎县草地鼠虫害现状及防治对策

Status of Rodents and Pests Control in Grassland and Strategies in Jianzha County

尖扎县草地害鼠约6种,常见的为高原鼠兔、中华鼢鼠两种,危害面积达3.2×104hm2,占总面积的18.7%。害虫主要有宽须蚁蝗、小翅雏蝗、狭翅雏蝗。由于鼠虫的挖掘和啃食,致使优良牧草减少、水土流失加剧,形成了大面积的次生裸地和寸草不生的“黑土滩”,从“七五”开始,全县累计灭治鼠虫害1.44×105hm2,挽回牧草损失达2.575×105kg,有效地控制了鼠虫害的危害和蔓延。

There were more than 6 kinds of rodent species which were damaging the grassland in Jianzha,and among them the most commonly distributed species were pika(Ochotona curzoniae)and zokor(Myospalax fontanieri). The area of affected grassland reached to 3.2×104 hm2 million ha and it ac- counts for 18.7% of total grassland area of Jianzha. Myrmeotettix patpalis,Chorthippws fauax and Chor- hippus dubius were main pests in Jianzha. Stelleracha maejasmet,Achnatherum inebrians and Oxytropis ochrocephals Bunge were main poisonous grass. Weeds Degradtion of grassland,including“Black Soil Type”of grassland,was mainly caused by rodents and pests. Rodents and pests in 14.4×104 hm2 ha of grassland were controlled and 25.75×104 million kg of forage loss was avoided from 1980.