林火动态变化对我国东北地区森林生态系统的影响

Influences of Fire Regime Changes on theForest Ecosystem in Northeast China

我国积极的森林防火政策导致了我国东北林区的森林火周期延长,并影响到森林结构和可燃物组成的变化。火周期的延长会引起森林可燃物载量增加,并导致火频度、火灾类型和火强度发生改变。森林火周期延长还会引起大兴安岭地区云杉林的分布范围增大。植被的变化又对林火动态有反作用。为适应林火动态和可燃物的变化,我国东北林区森林防火政策需要作相应调整,采用林火管理思想开展森林防火工作。

Climate vegetation and fire management measures have influences on forest fires . The fire cycle of Heilongjiang is 36 years by calculating on the burned area in history. The positive forest fire prevention in past 20 years has resulted in a longer fire cycle in northeastern China, which affects forest structures and fuel ingredients. The longer fire cycle can cause the fuel loading increasing and change fire frequency, fire type and fire intensity in the forest ecosystem. The longer fire cycle can make the extension of spruce forest in Da-xing-an-ling. Vegetation change has a feedback to fire regime. In order to adapt the change of fire regime and fuel, we have to adjust the fire strategies in northeastern China and practice the fire management theory for future fire prevention.