中国古代精神病人犯罪法探析

On the Law of Psychopath Crime of Ancient China

在中国古代法律中, 精神病人享有刑事处罚的特殊待遇。对精神病人刑罚的减免总是与特定的犯罪行为联系在一起的。这表明精神病人是否有刑事责任能力并不是法律所关注的根本问题, 应否给予犯罪精神病人刑罚减免, 主要考虑因素是这一减免是否会对封建社会的基本统治秩序造成损害。法律对精神病人按病情轻重进行分类并给予相应的优待措施, 对间歇性精神病人无论是犯罪时患有精神病还是审理时患有精神病都按精神病人给予优待, 这一做法体现了中国古代法律理性的一面。

Psychopath could profit by special treatment about criminal punishment according to the law of ancient China. But the lighten and remit treatment always link with some guilt and this indicated that the law not pay attention to the responsibility but to the harm of the guilt. The law gave the psychopath different treatment on the base of they condition. Moreover, the psychopath could always get the lighten and remit treatment regardless they symptom happen when they were committing a crime or they were being interrogated. This showed the rational of the law of ancient China.