几种螯合剂对镉致小鼠肝脏毒性解毒作用比较

Comparative effects of chelating agents on liver toxicity in mice induced by acute exposure to cadmium

为开发高效低毒的新型镉解毒剂,研究了镉染毒组小鼠和N-对羟甲苯甲基-D-葡糖二硫代氨基甲酸钠(HBGD)、N-苯甲基D 葡糖二硫代氨基甲酸钠(BGD)、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(DDTC)、二巯基丙醇(BAL)、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)等5种螯合剂治疗组小鼠血清天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性和小鼠肝脏的脂质过氧化物(LPO)值的变化.结果显示,染Cd(2. 5mg/kg,腹腔注射)后小鼠血清LDH、AST及ALT活性和肝脏LPO值显著高于对照组.分别染镉30min和24h后注射各螯合剂(400μmol/kg,腹腔注射),治疗24h后HBGD和BGD对镉引起的肝脏LPO值及血清LDH、AST、ALT活性的升高有显著的抑制作用(P<0. 05).表明HBGD和BGD对镉致小鼠肝脏毒性有较好的解毒作用,且自身毒性小,有望成为理想的镉解毒剂.

To develop new antidotes of cadmium(Cd), N-p-hydroxy-methyl-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate(HBGD), N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate(BGD),diethyldithiocarbamate(DDTC), 2,3-dimercaptopropanol(BAL), and ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) were studied for their effects on activity of Lacatate dehydrogenase(LDH), aspartate transcarbamoylase (AST) and alanine aminotranferase (ALT) in serum as well as lipid peroxidation(LPO) in liver of mice induced by acute exposure to cadmium(2.5 mg/kg) . The results showed that for mice injected intraperitoneally with CdCl_2 and injected intraperitoneally with chelating agents (400μmol/kg)30 min 24 hr later, Cd injection increased in the activity of LDH, AST and ALT in serum and LPO in liver of mice. HBGD and BGD effectively prevented increase in activity of LDH, AST and LPO (P<0.05).These results suggest that HBGD and BGD are more effective detoxification on liver toxicity in mice induced by acute exposure to Cd, thus they are perfect antidote of Cd.